You cannot select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
134 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
134 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
marp: true
|
|
paginate: true
|
|
math: mathjax
|
|
theme: buutti
|
|
title: 0. Introduction to C# and .NET
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Introduction to C# and .NET
|
|
|
|
<!-- headingDivider: 5 -->
|
|
<!-- class: invert -->
|
|
|
|
## Overview
|
|
|
|
* C#
|
|
* .NET
|
|
* Common Language Infrastructure (CLI)
|
|
* Base Class Library (BCL)
|
|
|
|
## C#
|
|
|
|
<div class='columns' markdown='1'>
|
|
<div markdown='1'>
|
|
|
|
* The C# (pronounced *c sharp*) programming language was introduced by Microsoft in 2000, alongside the .NET framework
|
|
* Unlike C and C++, C# runs on a virtual machine like Java
|
|
* Easy to understand, general purpose, high-level, object oriented
|
|
* Resembles Java, which was very popular in the 90s
|
|
* Newest version is 13.0 from 2024
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div markdown='1'>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Source: [http://pypl.github.io/PYPL.html](http://pypl.github.io/PYPL.html)
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
## C# Syntax example
|
|
|
|
<div class='columns' markdown='1'>
|
|
<div markdown='1'>
|
|
|
|
```c#
|
|
using System;
|
|
|
|
namespace MyAwesomeProgram
|
|
{
|
|
class Program
|
|
{
|
|
static void Main(string[] args)
|
|
{
|
|
Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div markdown='1'>
|
|
|
|
* Everything is inside a `class`
|
|
* Rows = statements
|
|
* Curly braces `{` and `}` mark the start and the end of different ***bodies*** of statements
|
|
* Semicolon `;` at the end of some statements
|
|
* When to use semicolon? Don't worry: Visual Studio will tell you
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
* Try out the [online compiler](https://www.programiz.com/csharp-programming/online-compiler/)!
|
|
|
|
## .NET
|
|
|
|
* .NET (pronounced *dot net*) is Microsoft's software framework for building and running web services
|
|
* [.NET fundamentals](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/fundamentals/), [Introduction to .NET](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/introduction)
|
|
* Fully supports C#, F# and Visual Basic
|
|
* Implements Common Language Infrastructure, so it can compile managed code (languages above) into machine code
|
|
* Provides [automatic memory management](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/automatic-memory-management) via a garbage collector (GC)
|
|
* Type-safe and memory-safe thanks to GC and strict compilers
|
|
|
|
## .NET vs .NET Framework
|
|
|
|
* *.NET Framework*
|
|
* Launched in 2001
|
|
* Closed-source
|
|
* Windows-only
|
|
* Current version 4.8.1 launched in 2022
|
|
* *.NET* (originally *.NET core*)
|
|
* Launched in 2016, Successor to .NET Framework
|
|
* [Open source]([https://github.com/dotnet/](https://github.com/dotnet/))
|
|
* Cross-platform (Linux, Mac, Windows)
|
|
* Current version 9.0 launched in 2024
|
|
* We will be using .NET Core as the .NET Framework is considered legacy
|
|
|
|
## Common Language Infrastructure (CLI)
|
|
|
|
<div class='columns32' markdown='1'>
|
|
<div markdown='1'>
|
|
|
|
* Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) is a standardized specification that decribes how different high-level langauges (like C#) can be run on different platforms without having to be rewritten
|
|
* both versions of .NET are ***implementations*** of the CLI
|
|
* Another implementation is the free and open-source [Mono](https://www.mono-project.com/) project
|
|
* Used by the Unity game engine and the MonoGame framework
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div markdown='1'>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
## Base Class Library (BCL)
|
|
|
|
* [Base Class Library](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/class-library-overview) (BCL) is a set of libraries that every .NET implementation uses, mostly under the `System` namespace
|
|
* Consists of common tools like classes and value types that you will need to create your programs
|
|
* No need to reinvent the wheel with every new project
|
|
```csharp
|
|
using System;
|
|
using System.Collections.Generic;
|
|
using System.Linq;
|
|
using System.Threading.Tasks;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Assignments
|
|
<!--_class: "exercise invert" -->
|
|
|
|
[Assignments about this topic can be found here](https://gitea.buutti.com/education/academy-assignments/src/branch/master/C%23%20Basics/1.%20C%23%20Basics%20Assignments)
|
|
|