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175 lines
6.9 KiB
Markdown
175 lines
6.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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marp: true
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paginate: true
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math: mathjax
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theme: buutti
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title: 1.5. Introduction to Visual Studio
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---
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# Introduction to Visual Studio
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<!-- headingDivider: 5 -->
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<!-- class: invert -->
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## Overview
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* [Visual Studio](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/) An IDE (Integrated development environment) by Microsoft for Windows
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* Used for C#, C++, etc
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* There's a free Community edition
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* Multiple versions released
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* First version: 1997
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* 2017, 2019, 2022...
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## Features
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* [Debug tools](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/debugger/?view=vs-2022)
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* [Build tools](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/ide/compiling-and-building-in-visual-studio?view=vs-2022)
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* [IntelliSense](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/visualstudio/ide/visual-csharp-intellisense?view=vs-2022)
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* code completion aid
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* automatic code generation
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* [GitHub Copilot](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/ide/visual-studio-github-copilot-extension?view=vs-2022) and [IntelliCode](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/ide/intellicode-visual-studio?view=vs-2022), AI-assisted code development in VS
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* [Git integration](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/version-control/git-with-visual-studio?view=vs-2022)
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* [Testing tools](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/test/?view=vs-2022)
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* [Profiling and diagnostics tools](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/profiling/?view=vs-2022)
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## Visual Studio vs Visual Studio Code (VS VS VSC)
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* Visual Studio is not to be confused with [Visual Studio Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), a separate software by Microsoft
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* Visual Studio is out of the box a full-blown IDE with many built-in features
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* Visual Studio Code is more akin to text editors like Sublime Text, Atom etc.
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* Most features like IntelliSense or code completion have to be installed via ***plugins***
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* While both can be used for many programming languages, for C# and ASP.NET Visual Studio is preferred due to its extensive debugging and build tools
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## Installing Visual Studio
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* Download Visual Studio Community (the free version) [here](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/vs/community/)
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<div class='columns21' markdown='1'>
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<div markdown='1'>
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* After launching the setup executable, you will be prompted to select the components to be installed along with VS
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* For our purposes you will need ***ASP.NET and web development*** found in the ***Workloads*** tab
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</div>
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<div markdown='1'>
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</div>
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</div>
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* Click ***Install*** in the lower right corner to begin installing VS and the required components
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* After installing VS, you can skip the account creation portion
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* ***Note:*** Installation size can be quite large (8 GB+) depending on which components are already installed on your system
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## Projects and solutions
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* In Visual Studio, there are two key concepts, ***projects*** and ***solutions***
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* Here's Microsoft's documents for [what they are](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/ide/solutions-and-projects-in-visual-studio?view=vs-2022&source=recommendations) and [how to create them](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/visualstudio/get-started/tutorial-projects-solutions?view=vs-2022)
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* A ***project*** contains all files that are compiled into an executable application
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* Source code, images, data files, etc
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* Compiler settings, configuration files
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* In C#, handled by the project file `.csproj` by [MSBuild](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/msbuild/msbuild?view=vs-2022)
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* [Creating a new project](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/ide/create-new-project?view=vs-2022)
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* A ***solution*** contains one or multiple projects
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* Build information, Visual Studio window settings
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* Files that aren't associated with a particular project
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* `.sln` is the solution file, `.suo` contains Solution User Options
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## Visual Studio UI
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<div class='columns32' markdown='1'>
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<div markdown='1'>
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</div>
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<div markdown='1'>
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Default view in Visual Studio consists of three panels.
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1) Code editor
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2) [Solution Explorer](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/ide/use-solution-explorer?view=vs-2022) (*CTRL+ALT+L*) shows the files in the project
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3) **_Terminal_** (*CTRL+Ö*) for entering command line commands (e.g., for using Git)
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</div>
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</div>
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## Moving windows around
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<div class='columns' markdown='1'>
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<div markdown='1'>
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* Drag and hold windows to move them around
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* _Snap to layout_ window appears
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* After moving a window to the right, you can pin it to see its title on the right
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</div>
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<div markdown='1'>
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</div>
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</div>
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## Error highlighting in Visual Studio 2022
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* Visual Studio highlights errors in code automatically.
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<div class='columns' markdown='1'>
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<div markdown='1'>
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* Why is this throwing an error?
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* $\Rightarrow$ Missing one closing curly bracket!
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</div>
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<div markdown='1'>
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* Hovering on the red underline will show a hint for the error:
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* All errors can be displayed by pressing the red X at the bottom:
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## Keyboard shortcuts
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* *CTRL+.*
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* If a type is missing, use this to add the needed using directive
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* *CTRL+R*, then *CTRL+R* (seriously?)
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* Rename variable
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* Press Enter to confirm
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* *CTRL+C* (without selecting), then *CTRL+V*
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* Duplicate line
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* *ALT+Up*, *ALT+Down*
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* Move line up/down
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* [Visual Studio Default keyboard shortcuts](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/vs/features/develop/)
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## Gotchas
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* Some actions are unavailable when your app is running
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* Deleting files
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* Adding new controllers
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## Exercise 1. Creating a console application
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<!--_class: "exercise invert" -->
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1) Open Visual Studio 2022.
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2) Select *Create a new project*
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3) Type *console* to the search bar and select the following template:
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## Exercise 2. Running a console application
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<!--_class: "exercise invert" -->
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1) To run your program, select *Debug > Start Debugging*, or press F5, or press the small ▶ sign next to your project name at the top
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* The template project should now run and print `Hello World!` to the console.
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2) Try changing the code so that it prints something else!
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## Reading
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* [Visual Studio Documentation: Overview](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/visualstudio/get-started/visual-studio-ide?view=vs-2022)
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* [Visual Studio tutorials | C#](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/get-started/csharp/?view=vs-2022)
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* [Tutorial: Create a .NET console application using Visual Studio](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/dotnet/core/tutorials/with-visual-studio) |